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The
Booster uses multi-turn injection, resulting in a continuous
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beam
around the ring.
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If
beam is passing through the extraction septum while it is
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ramping,
some of it will be steered into beam elements.
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This is the single largest source of radiation
resulting from the
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booster.
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Solution:
Early in the cycle, the old extraction kicker is pulsed,
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blowing a “notch” in the beam. Extraction is timed to coincide
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with the notch.
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Problem:
although it’s a factor of 20 better to lose the beam
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early in the cycle, it’s still not negligible (more
in a minute)
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